ANTIGEN IDENTIFICATION METHODS IN MENINGOCOCCAL VACCINES OF SEROGROUPS A, B, C, Y, W135 REGISTERED IN VIETNAM

Abstract

Meningococcal disease is an acute infectious illness transmitted through the respiratory route occurring across all age groups and capable of causing outbreaks. Vaccination is the most effective measure for disease prevention, helping to reduce incidence rates and limit severe complications as well as mortality associated with meningococcal infection. Current meningococcal conjugate vaccines such as Nimenrix, MenQuadfi, Menactra, Menveo, Bexsero, and Va-Mengo-BC are developed to prevent diseases caused by Neisseria meningitidis serogroups A, B, C, Y, and W135. Identifying these vaccines is also among the essential requirements in quality control to ensure the accuracy of antigen components present in each vaccine prior to use. However, each vaccine employs different antigen structures, carrier proteins, production processes, and quality control systems, leading to variations in identification methods. This paper provides an overview of immunological approaches used for identifying these antigen serogroups.